Dharmanath-The 15th Jain Tirthankara
1864 CE, Gujranwala, Pakistan
Artefact Details
Dharmanatha, the 15th Jain Tirthankara was born to King Bhanu and Queen Suvrata in Ratnapuri, Uttar Pradesh, India. He is identified here by the presence of his lakshana, a vajra, or mace at the centre of his throne. He is seated in meditation and bears all hallmarks of Jina iconographyushnisha ( topknot on the head), elongated earlobes, trivali ( three lines on the neck), and shrivatsa (chest jewel). Commissioned by the Shvetambara Jain community, the sculpture is shown with a waistband and fabric folds below the crossed legs. To give the figure lifelike features, the eyebrows are emphasised by using black stone projecting in relief and red pigment on the lips. The presence of resin traces in the navel suggests the figure was once richly ornamented with precious metals and pigments as part of temple ritual practices. The inscription on the pedestal records its patronage and subsequent consecration in 1864 (VS 1921) by Shri Nathji of the Oswal lineage and Shri Shanti Sagara Suri of the Shriraja Gaccha, respectively. This information offers a rare insight into local patronage and lay devotion. Despite its damaged state, this sculpture continues to showcase the complete detachment and serenity it embodies and the Jina's triumph over samsara.